Strada San Zeno (Galeata); "Pascoli di Monte Erno" - "The pastures of Mount Erno"

The Romagnola is a breed of cattle from the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It belongs to the Podolic group of grey cattle. Romagnola cattle were used principally as draught beasts in the past; since the mechanisation of agriculture in the middle of the twentieth century they have been bred primarily for beef production.
History
As with other European grey cattle, it has been suggested that the Romagnola breed derives from Podolian cattle from the steppes of eastern Europe, possibly brought to Italy by invading Goths in the fourth century AD or by the Lombard king Agilulf.[1] This hypothesis is based on the zoological theories of the nineteenth century, going back to the Bos taurus podolicus of Johann Andreas Wagner. It is not supported by modern genetic, zoological or archaeological research.[2]

There were in the past a number of local sub-types of Romagnola cattle, including the Bolognese in the area of Bologna, the Ferrarese in the area of Ferrara, a mountain type ("di monte") and a lowland type ("gentile di pianura"). Selective breeding towards the modern type began in about 1850, and the resulting stock won prizes both in Italy and abroad. In Paris in 1900 the Romagnola was judged jointly with the Hereford to be the "best beef breed".[1]

The Romagnola was however principally a draught breed, and was bred for that purpose, with massive and powerful foreparts and short strong legs. Following the progressive mechanisation of agriculture in the years after the Second World War the breeding strategy changed completely, and was directed towards beef production. To this end, cross-breeding with Chianina cattle was attempted, but did not give the desired results.[1] A herd book was established in 1963.[3]

More than 80% of the registered Italian population is in Emilia-Romagna; there are small populations in Abruzzo, Basilicata, Campania, Calabria, Lazio, Lombardy, the Marche, Puglia, Tuscany and the Veneto.[4] Some animals were exported to Scotland in the early 1970s and the breed is present in small numbers in Great Britain, Ireland, North and South America, Australia, New Zealand and Africa.[5][6]

Numbers in Italy have fallen sharply since the Second World War. In 1952 there were 450,000 head; this fell to 250,000 in 1965, to 120,000 in 1977 and to 45,000 in 1980.[1] At the end of 2013 the total number recorded for the breed in Italy was 13,054.[4]

Characteristics
Romagnola cattle are ivory-white, tending to grey on the foreparts, particularly in bulls; the skin and natural openings are black. The colour of the coat varies with the season, and is darker in winter. The horns are light, lyre-shaped in cows, half-moon-shaped in bulls; they are slate-grey in young animals, becoming pale at the base and dark at the tip with maturity. As with all Podolic cattle, the calves are born wheat-coloured but become white at about three months.[1]

Use
The Romagnola was in the past primarily a draught breed, though raised also for meat; limited dairy use is also documented. In the years before and after the Second World War the progressive mechanisation of agriculture meant that demand for draught oxen disappeared. It is now raised only for meat.

Calves weigh 40–45 kilograms (90–100 lb) at birth, and are normally sent to slaughter at 16–18 months, at a weight of 650–700 kilograms (1400–1500 lb); yield is 62–63%. The meat is considered to be of high quality and carries a registered mark of quality. With the Chianina and the Marchigiana, the Romagnola is one of three breeds whose meat may, if raised within a specific area of the Apennines of central Italy, have IGP status as Vitellone Bianco dell'Appennino Centrale.[1]

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romagnola

Taken in: Italy / Emilia-Romagna / Galeata / Strada San Zeno (show map)

Taken on: June 23, 2022

Tags:

Romagna

Romagna-Toscana

Animali

Appennino-Tosco-romagnolo

Bovini-Cow

Italia-Italy

Strada-San-Zeno

Galeata

Monte-Erno

Valle-del-Rabbi « less

Sets appears in: • Strada San Zeno • Paesaggio more » • Landscape • Nature-Natura • Italia-Italy • Romagna • Animali-Animals « less

Groups appears in: • The Photographer's Club • Photography more » • Photographs of Italy • Magic Moments • Artistic Photography • Color and Colors - No computer-generated posts. • ~Nature Beauty~ • Creative • Emilia Romagna • Nice pictures • ANYTHING ALLOWED!!!!!! • The World Through My Eyes ... • la Romagna e i romagnoli • ANYTHING & EVERYTHING PHOTOGRAPHIC / NO SL/AI • Rural Photos • Beautiful Capture • Tutta Italia! • Your Best Photography • " Damn Cool Photographers in the WORLD " .♥.♥.♥ • Traveler's Photos • Romagna • Flickr Italia • LANDSCAPES DREAMS -Please comment on two (2)!!! • "Unlimited Photos: No Rules" (NO AI, CGI or SL images) • ... Life... NO CHILDREN's PICS - • -Spirit Of Photography • Super Photos (Post 1; Award 2) • WORLD OF GREEN • LA FOTO E' CIO'CHE FERMA IL TEMPO • The Biggest Group! - Playground For Psychotics • !!Perfect Composition!! • Beauty of Life • Postcards from Italy. • ***Favorite landscape • 100.000.000 Flickr Photos [No AI or SL] • ARMONIA E STILE (P1-C3; SWEEPER) • Paradise by the photographers light [No AI or SL] • Strictly GeoTagged (no 30/60 limit) • Turismo por todo el mundo • A World of Beauty • Europe on Flickr • Paesaggi d'Italia (post 1-award 1) • ♦♦♦ BELLE INQUADRATURE ♦♦♦ • as beautiful as you want • Landscapes with Atmosphere • * Flickr Beautiful Celebration of Diversity • *That's MY Photo ! * • ♦♦♦ TUTTI I FOTOGRAFI DEL MONDO ♦♦♦ • Lovely villages, fields, meadows, swamps & countryside • "I COLORI DEI MIEI SOGNI" • We All Feel Lonely • Allegri si nasce o si diventa:)) • WorldLandscapes • ♦♦♦ TAGLIO FOTOGRAFICO ♦♦♦ • INTERPHOTO* • ♦♦♦ TUTTI GLI SCATTI DEL MONDO ♦♦♦ • Mordus de photos • Mordus de photos Nature • Flickr Bronze Trophy Group (Post 1 MUST Comment 5!) • YOUR Vision!!! • Anything of good taste • The instant and its history • ♦♦♦ OCCHIO FOTOGRAFICO ♦♦♦ • A Photographer [No AI or SL] • WORLD Photography (Post 1 / Award 1) • Landscape/Paesaggio/Paisajes/Paysage/Landschap/Landschaft/Maisem • Colours Strong • my life is a picture... • ►the best pictures◄ • Amateur Exclusive • ♥ ♥ ♥ IMMAGINI - FOTO - SENTIMENTI ♥ ♥ ♥ • The Free Photographers (P2 C2) • !* Antologia Poetica / Poetic Anthology - By Odete de Paula • ♦♦♦ PHOTO VERY NICE ♦♦♦ • This is Italy • Gite fuori porta in ITALIA • NUESTRAS FOTOGRAFÍAS. • Galería Siabala • Cazadores de Imágenes NO 30/60 • World of Blue • Evocando El Pasado * Evoking the Past * • *Mágico Mundo Natural * Magical Natural World * • Landscapes Only • Your best of the best • New Ipernity Survivors • Photos, laughter and Rock & Roll • Vita es Splendor and friends • COSE CHE GLI ALTRI NON VEDONO • All pictures on the Terra (No 30/60 limit) • Colours of Flickr • Image Creative and Research (No 60/30 limits) • ≼◈≽Le nostre FOTO≼◈≽ • OK Theme • ★ EUROPE ★ ЕВРОПА ★ ΕΥΡΩΠΗ ★ EUROPA ★ • World Street Photography! Full Color and Monochrome. • Momentos para no olvidar • Fotoviajeros • not too old to rock'n'roll, not too young to blues • The essence of beauty • The best picture of the world • The Moody Photographer - Feels, Emotions and Chills • The Eclectic Photographer • L'obiettivo , occhio dell'anima • Passerebbe inosservata? • Life Through A Hole • My favourite Photographers • Shadows and Moods • CSSS: Earth - My Perspective, A Personal Focus • Photography at its best ... all welcome • Beautiful places. • THERE IS NO LIMIT FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CREATION • BEAUTY PHOTOS AROUND THE WORLD • PHOTOGRAPHY Worldwide • My Country, Mon Pays, Mein Land, Mio Paese, Mi País, Meu País • General photographs • FiveStar*****Pictures • *** Nature, Animal, Landscape *** • EUROPE TR▲VEL • Das Lichtbild - Painting With Light - Spectrum Of Possibilities • Flickr Master Gallery • WORLD DAY OF PHOTOGRAPHERS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD.DIA MUNDIAL D • GRANDES COMPOSICIONES DE LA FOTOGRAFIA MUNDIAL.LARGE COMPOSITION • BEYOND CONSTRAINTS • Flickr Panoply • 1 - Any and all picture you want • 3 6 9 11 PORTALS TO ETERNITY.3 6 9 11 PORTALES HACIA LA ET • * no limits, just quality photography! • any war is destruction of Lives in the interest of a few, peace. • Very Arty « less

Stats: 6,005 views / 25 comments