Un graffiti est une inscription exécutée sur une surface.
On en retrouve, remontant à plusieurs siècles avant notre ère, de la simple marque de griffure à des représentations plus élaborées, en passant par des textes, parfois difficiles à déchiffrer.
Au tournant des années 1960, advient l'invention de la peinture aérosol en bombe et des gros marqueurs, qui sont devenus les outils les plus utilisés pour ce genre de pratique.
Dans la plupart des pays, cette activité, quelle que soit la nature de la surface, est considérée comme illégale.
A priori, la signification du geste pose un gros problème d'interprétation sur les plans anthropologique et culturel. On ne saurait réduire cet acte, à une seule dimension : volonté de dégrader, geste politique, signature, geste esthétique ?
Toute personne qui pratique le graffiti ne voit pas son geste comme étant absolument celui d'un « artiste ». De même, tout artiste qui se revendique comme adepte de l'art urbain ne considère pas systématiquement ses productions comme étant du graffiti. Enfin, si le graffiti est destiné à être vu (ce qui n'est pas toujours le cas), l'opinion que l'on en a dépend essentiellement du contexte.
Graffiti (both singular and plural; the singular graffito is very rare in English except in archeology) is writing or drawings made on a wall or other surface, usually as a form of artistic expression, without permission and within public view.[2][3] Graffiti ranges from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and has existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire.
In modern times, spray paint and marker pens have become commonly used graffiti materials, and there are many different types and styles of graffiti; it is a rapidly developing art form.
Graffiti is a controversial subject. In most countries, marking or painting property without permission is considered by property owners and civic authorities as defacement and vandalism, which is a punishable crime, citing the use of graffiti by street gangs to mark territory or to serve as an indicator of gang-related activities. Graffiti has become visualized as a growing urban "problem" for many cities in industrialized nations, spreading from the New York City subway system in the early 1970s to the rest of the United States and Europe and other world regions.[6] On the other hand, graffiti artists, particularly marginalized artists with no access to mainstream media, resist this viewpoint to display their art or political views in public locations.
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