Noto Peninsula, Japan magnitude 7.5 earthquake (4:10 PM, 1 January 2024) 4 + aftershocks

This seismogram is from the Gifu Kurokawa seismic station in Japan. The prominent noise at left is from a magnitude 7.5 earthquake that hit near the northern tip of the Noto Peninsula, near the western coastline of Honshu Island, Japan. The quake occurred at 4:10 PM, local time, on 1 January 2024. The epicenter was about 7 kilometers ~north-northwest of the town of Suzu, Japan. Shaking resulted from reverse faulting along a northeast-southwest striking fault zone. A foreshock of magnitude 5.5 occurred in the same area four minutes earlier. In the following three hours, over a dozen significant aftershocks occurred, including a 6.2 event, nine events in the 5s, and the remainder in the 4s.

This is the first magnitude 7+ earthquake of 2024. Nineteen occurred in 2023 and eleven occurred in 2022.
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Info. at:
earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000m0xl/exec...
[An event-specific summary is at the bottom of that webpage.]
and
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Noto_earthquake
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An earthquake is a natural shaking or vibrating of the Earth caused by sudden fault movement and a rapid release of energy. Earthquake activity is called "seismicity". The study of earthquakes is called "seismology". The actual underground location of an earthquake is the hypocenter, or focus. The site at the Earth's surface, directly above the hypocenter, is the epicenter. Minor earthquakes may occur before a major event - such small quakes are called foreshocks. Minor to major quakes after a major event are aftershocks.

Most earthquakes occur at or near tectonic plate boundaries, such as subduction zones, mid-ocean ridges, collision zones, and transform plate boundaries. They also occur at hotspots - large subsurface mantle plumes (Examples: Hawaii, Yellowstone, Iceland, Afar).

Earthquakes generate four types of shock waves: P-waves, S-waves, Love waves, and Rayleigh waves. P-waves and S-waves are body waves - they travel through solid rocks. Love waves and Rayleigh waves travel only at the surface - they are surface waves. P-waves are push-pull waves that travel quickly and cause little damage. S-waves are up-and-down waves (like flicking a rope) that travel slowly and cause significant damage. Love waves are side-to-side surface waves, like a slithering snake. Rayleigh waves are rotational surface waves, somewhat like ripples from tossing a pebble into a pond.

Earthquakes are associated with many specific hazards, such as ground shaking, ground rupturing, subsidence (sinking), uplift (rising), tsunamis, landslides, fires, and liquefaction.

Some famous major earthquakes in history include: Shensi, China in 1556; Lisbon, Portugal in 1755; New Madrid, Missouri in 1811-1812; San Francisco, California in 1906; Anchorage, Alaska in 1964; and Loma Prieta, California in 1989.

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Taken on: January 1, 2024

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Noto

Peninsula

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7.5

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January

2024

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Sets appears in: • 2024 Earthquakes • Aftershocks more » • Japan area Earthquakes • Magnitude 7+ Earthquakes • Earthquakes « less

Groups appears in: • Earth Science Teaching Resource

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