Prehnite (Hook Mountain Basalt, Lower Jurassic; Tilcon Millington Quarry, New Jersey, USA) 2

A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 6000 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.

The silicates are the most abundant and chemically complex group of minerals. All silicates have silica as the basis for their chemistry. "Silica" refers to SiO2 chemistry. The fundamental molecular unit of silica is one small silicon atom surrounded by four large oxygen atoms in the shape of a triangular pyramid - this is the silica tetrahedron - SiO4. Each oxygen atom is shared by two silicon atoms, so only half of the four oxygens "belong" to each silicon. The resulting formula for silica is thus SiO2, not SiO4.

The simplest & most abundant silicate mineral in the Earth's crust is quartz (SiO2). All other silicates have silica + impurities. Many silicates have a significant percentage of aluminum (the aluminosilicates).

Prehnite is a calcium hydroxy-aluminosilicate mineral (Ca2Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)2). It tends to be a cavity-filling mineral in some extrusive igneous rocks (lavas). It’s typically pale green in color and tends to form bulbous or somewhat rounded crystal masses (reniform).

Geologic context: prehnite lining cavity in the Hook Mountain Basalt, Brunswick Group, Newark Supergroup, Lower Jurassic

Locality: Tilcon Millington Quarry, Millington, northern New Jersey, USA
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Photo gallery of prehnite:
www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=3277

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Taken on: May 4, 2024

Tags:

prehnite

Hook

Basalt

Mt.

Brunswick

Group

Newark

Supergroup

Jurassic

Tilcon

Millington

Quarry

New

Jersey « less

Sets appears in: • Green Rocks, Minerals, Fossils • New Jersey Rocks, Minerals, Fossils more » • Minerals - Silicates (Prehnite) • Newark Supergroup (Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic; eastern USA) • Jurassic Rocks, Minerals, Fossils « less

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