Southwest Indian Ridge magnitude 6.7 earthquake (6:55 AM, 10 July 2024)

This seismogram is from the Sutherland seismic station in South Africa. The noise is from a magnitude 6.7 earthquake in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The quake occurred at 6:55 AM, local time, on 10 July 2024. The epicenter was along the Du Toit Transform Fault (frequently mis-referred to as the "Du Toit Fracture Zone" - transform faults and fracture zones are not the same) in the Southwest Indian Ridge. Shaking resulted from right-lateral slip along this ~NE to SW striking fault zone, which is part of a spreading center system between Africa and Antarctica. The slip rate along the fault is reported to be 13.29 millimeters per year (Wolfson-Schwehr & Boettcher, 2019).
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Reference cited:
Wolfson-Schwehr & Boettcher (2019) - Global characteristics of oceanic transform fault structure and seismicity. pp. 21-59 in: Transform Plate Boundaries and Fracture Zones. Amsterdam. Elsevier Incorporated.
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Info. at:
earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000my76/exec...
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An earthquake is a natural shaking or vibrating of the Earth caused by sudden fault movement and a rapid release of energy. Earthquake activity is called "seismicity". The study of earthquakes is called "seismology". The actual underground location of an earthquake is the hypocenter, or focus. The site at the Earth's surface, directly above the hypocenter, is the epicenter. Minor earthquakes may occur before a major event - such small quakes are called foreshocks. Minor to major quakes after a major event are aftershocks.

Most earthquakes occur at or near tectonic plate boundaries, such as subduction zones, mid-ocean ridges, collision zones, and transform plate boundaries. They also occur at hotspots - large subsurface mantle plumes (Examples: Hawaii, Yellowstone, Iceland, Afar).

Earthquakes generate four types of shock waves: P-waves, S-waves, Love waves, and Rayleigh waves. P-waves and S-waves are body waves - they travel through solid rocks. Love waves and Rayleigh waves travel only at the surface - they are surface waves. P-waves are push-pull waves that travel quickly and cause little damage. S-waves are up-and-down waves (like flicking a rope) that travel slowly and cause significant damage. Love waves are side-to-side surface waves, like a slithering snake. Rayleigh waves are rotational surface waves, somewhat like ripples from tossing a pebble into a pond.

Earthquakes are associated with many specific hazards, such as ground shaking, ground rupturing, subsidence (sinking), uplift (rising), tsunamis, landslides, fires, and liquefaction.

Some famous major earthquakes in history include: Shensi, China in 1556; Lisbon, Portugal in 1755; New Madrid, Missouri in 1811-1812; San Francisco, California in 1906; Anchorage, Alaska in 1964; and Loma Prieta, California in 1989.

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Taken on: July 10, 2024

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Southwest

Indian

magnitude

6.7

earthquake

July

2024

earthquakes

quake

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Toit

Transform

Fault

faults

faulting

transforms $Everybody's photos tagged with fracture$ fracture

zone

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Ocean

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Sets appears in: • 2024 Earthquakes • Indian Ocean Earthquakes more » • Magnitude 6+ Earthquakes • Earthquakes « less

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