American Bison (Bison bison) - South Bison Range - Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area

15 Interesting Bison Facts
1. Bison are the largest mammal in North America. Male bison (called bulls) weigh up to 2,000 pounds and stand 6 feet tall, while females (called cows) weigh up to 1,000 pounds and reach a height of 4-5 feet. Bison calves weigh 30–70 pounds at birth.
2. Since the late 19th century, [the Department of the] Interior has been the primary national conservation steward of the bison. Public lands managed by Interior support 17 bison herds—or approximately 10,000 bison—in 12 states, including Alaska.
3. What’s the difference between bison and buffalo? While bison and buffalo are used interchangeably, in North America the scientific name is bison. Actually, it's Bison bison bison (genus: Bison, species: bison, subspecies: bison), but only saying it once is fine. Historians believe that the term "buffalo" grew from the French word for beef, "boeuf".
4.Yellowstone National Park is the only place in the U.S. where bison have continuously lived since prehistoric times. What makes these bison so special is that they're the pure descendants (free of cattle genes) of early bison that roamed our country's grasslands. As of July 2015, Yellowstone's bison population was estimated at 4,900—making it the largest bison population on public lands.
5. What's a "red dog"? It's a baby bison. Bison calves tend to be born from late March through May and are orange-red in color, earning them the nickname "red dogs." After a few months, their hair starts to change to dark brown and their characteristic shoulder hump and horns begin to grow.
6. The history of bison and Native Americans are intertwined. Bison have been integral to tribal culture, providing them with food, clothing, fuel, tools, shelter and spiritual value. Established in 1992, the Inter-Tribal Buffalo Council works with the National Park Service to transfer bison from national park lands to tribal lands.
7. You can judge a bison's mood by its tail. When it hangs down and switches naturally, the bison is usually calm. If the tail is standing straight up, watch out! It may be ready to charge. No matter what a bison's tail is doing, remember that they are unpredictable and can charge at any moment.
8. Wind Cave National Park's herd helped revive bison populations around the country. The story starts in 1905 with the formation of the American Bison Society and a breeding program at the New York City Zoo (today, the Bronx Zoo). By 1913, the American Bison Society had enough bison to restore a free-ranging bison herd. Working with Interior, they donated 14 bison to Wind Cave National Park in South Dakota. More than 100 years later, the bison from Wind Cave have helped reestablishing other herds across the United States and most recently in Mexico.
9. Bison may be big, but they're also fast. They can run up to 35 miles per hour. Plus, they're extremely agile. Bison can spin around quickly, jump high fences and are strong swimmers.
10. Pass the salad, please...bison primarily eat grasses, weeds and leafy plants—typically foraging for 9–11 hours a day. That's where the bison's large protruding shoulder hump comes in handy during the winter. It allows them to swing their heads from side-to-side to clear snow—especially for creating foraging patches.
11. From hunter to conservationist, Teddy Roosevelt helped save bison from extinction. In 1883, Teddy Roosevelt traveled to the Dakota Territory to hunt bison. After a few years in the west, Roosevelt returned to New York with a new outlook. Starting the conservation movement in 1905, he formed the American Bison Society with William Hornaday to save the disappearing bison. Today bison live in all 50 states, including Native American lands, wildlife refuges, national parks and private lands.
12. Bison can live up to 20 years old. The average lifespan for a bison is 10–20 years, but some live to be older.
13. A little dirt won't hurt...called wallowing, bison roll in the dirt to deter biting flies and help shed fur. Male bison also wallow during mating season to leave their scent and display their strength.
14. The American bison's ancestors can be traced to southern Asia thousands of years ago.
15. Bison are nearsighted—who knew? And, while bison have poor eyesight, they have excellent senses of smell and hearing to help offset the eyesight issue.

Technical Information (or Nerdy Stuff):
Camera - Nikon D7200 (handheld)
Lens – Nikkor 18-300mm Zoom
ISO – 800
Aperture – f/5.6
Exposure – 1/1000 second
Focal Length – 300mm

The original RAW file was processed with Adobe Camera Raw and final adjustments were made with Photoshop CS6.

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Taken in: United States / Tennessee / Vinson (show map)

Taken on: May 2, 2021

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Camera: Nikon D7200, f/5.6, 1/1000 sec, 300mm (=450mm), ISO 800 (more info) (hide info)

Camera:	Nikon D7200
Lens:	18.0-300.0 mm f/3.5-5.6
Aperture:	f/5.6
Exposure Time:	0.001 sec (1/1000)
Focal Length:	300mm (35mm equivalent: 450mm)
ISO:	800
Exposure Bias:	0 EV
Flash:	Off, Did not fire
Exposure Program:	Aperture-priority AE
Exposure Mode:	Auto
Metering Mode:	Multi-segment
White Balance:	Auto
Gain Control:	Low gain up
Saturation:	High
Sharpness:	Hard
Color Space:	Uncalibrated
Software:	Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows)
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