Prostate…Calcifications appear as brightly echogenic foci that may or may not show posterior shadowing ……Prostatic calcifications are a common finding after the age of 500

Epidemiology
They are rare in children, infrequent below age 40, and common in those over 50. Their number and size increase with age 8. Reported prevalence range is very wide and can range between 7-70%11.

Clinical presentation
Prostatic calcifications are most often an incidental and asymptomatic finding, but they have been associated with symptoms such as dysuria, hematuria, obstruction, or pelvic/perineal pain. Occasionally calcifications can be passed via the urethra 1,2.

Pathology
One of the key mechanisms for development of prostate calcifications is thought to be calcification of the corpora amylacea and simple precipitation of prostatic secretions 9.

Etiology
Prostatic calcification may be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary to 2,6 :

diabetes mellitus
infections - e.g. tuberculosis or bacterial prostatitis
benign prostatic hypertrophy - calcification occurs in 10%
prostate cancer
radiation therapy
iatrogenic - urethral stents or surgery
Associations
chronic pelvic pain syndrome 4,5
voiding dysfunction: rarely reported with large extrinsic calculi 11
large prostatic volume 10
ADVERTISEMENT: Supporters see fewer/no ads

Radiographic features
Prostate calcifications are most often bilateral and found in the posterior and lateral lobes although unilateral calcification can also be seen.

Plain radiograph
Variable appearance from fine granules to irregular lumps and can range in size from 1 to 40 mm. If there is significant prostatic hypertrophy the calcifications can project well above the pubic symphysis 1,2.

Ultrasound
Calcifications appear as brightly echogenic foci that may or may not show posterior shadowing 3.

CT
Calcifications appear as hyperattenuating foci of variable thickness 3.

MRI
Often difficult to visualize on MRI, the typical appearance is a small signal void, similar to calcifications elsewhere in the body. Gradient echo sequences, such as SWI may be better to identify calcifications.

radiopaedia.org/articles/prostatic-calcification

The prostate is both an accessory gland of the male reproductive system and a muscle-driven mechanical switch between urination and ejaculation. It is found only in some mammals. It differs between species anatomically, chemically, and physiologically. Anatomically, the prostate is found below the bladder, with the urethra passing through it. It is described in gross anatomy as consisting of lobes, and in microanatomy by zone. It is surrounded by an elastic, fibromuscular capsule and contains glandular tissue as well as connective tissue.

The prostate glands produce and contain fluid that forms part of semen, the substance that is emitted during ejaculation as part of the male sexual response. This prostatic fluid is slightly alkaline, milky or white in appearance. The alkalinity of semen helps neutralize the acidity of the vaginal tract, prolonging the lifespan of sperm. The prostatic fluid is expelled in the first part of ejaculate, together with most of the sperm, because of the action of smooth muscle tissue within the prostate. In comparison with the few spermatozoa expelled together with mainly seminal vesicular fluid, those in prostatic fluid have better motility, longer survival, and better protection of genetic material.

Disorders of the prostate include enlargement, inflammation, infection, and cancer. The word prostate comes from Ancient Greek προστάτης, prostátēs, meaning "one who stands before", "protector", "guardian", with the term originally used to describe the seminal vesicles.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate

Taken on: April 20, 2024

Tags:

asymptomatic

incidental

obstruction

hematuria

dysuria

urethra

pain

key

corpora amylacea

secretions

precipitation

mechanisms

Pathology

unilateral

lateral

Radiographic

features

Plain

Variable

fine

appearance

granules

project

pubic

radiograph

symphysis

shadowing

posterior

hypertrophy

echogenic

hyperattenuating

Calcifications

Ultrasound

disorder

urinate

medical

seminar vehicles

prostate « less

Sets appears in: • inner core...internal light ...phosphen... reversal

Camera: Panasonic DC-GX9, f/16.0, 1/2000 sec, 23mm (=46mm), ISO 200 (more info) (hide info)

Camera:	Panasonic DC-GX9
Lens:	LUMIX G VARIO 12-32/F3.5-5.6
Aperture:	f/16.0
Exposure Time:	0.001 sec (1/2000)
Focal Length:	23mm (35mm equivalent: 46mm)
ISO:	200
Exposure Bias:	-3 EV
Flash:	Off, Did not fire
Exposure Program:	Program AE
Exposure Mode:	Auto
Metering Mode:	Multi-segment
White Balance:	Auto
Gain Control:	Low gain up
Color Space:	sRGB
Software:	Ver.1.5
Show full info

Stats: 24,664 views