Kimberlite (Aykhal Kimberlite, Late Devonian to Early Mississippian, ~355-360 Ma; Siberia, Russia)

            Kimberlite from the Devonian of Siberia, Russia. (cut & polished surface)

Kimberlites are rare, ultramafic igneous rocks - they are the ultimate host rock for most diamonds.  Kimberlite bodies usually have pipe-shaped geometries, but some occurrences are dikes.  Their mode of formation is only moderately understood because they have not been observed forming in modern times.  Kimberlites are known from scattered localities throughout the world and only some are significantly diamondiferous.  Classic localities for diamonds are India and Brazil.  Africa also has many kimberlites and has produced large numbers of diamonds.  Other major diamondiferous kimberlite occurrences include Russia, China, and northwestern Canada.

Kimberlites are named for the town of Kimberley, South Africa, where several kimberlite pipes occur.  Kimberlites have a gently tapering-downward, pipe-shaped cross-section, somewhat like a carrot.

This kimberlite sample is from Siberia, where many pipes have been identified.  Most date to the latest Devonian to earliest Mississippian.  This age roughly corresponds with a time of intraplate basalt volcanism in Siberia.

Geologic unit: Aykhal Kimberlite Pipe, Alakit-Markha Field, Yakutian Kimberlite Province, Late Devonian to Early Mississippian, ~355-360 Ma

Locality: Aykhal Mine, Siberia, Russia (65˚ 59’ 56" North latitude, 111˚ 13’ 57" East longitude)

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Taken on: May 13, 2024

Tags:

Aykhal

Kimberlite

Mississippian

Yakutia

Siberia

Russia

Alakit-Markha

Field

Yakutian

Province

kimberlites

pipe

pipes

mine « less

Sets appears in: • Green Rocks, Minerals, Fossils • Russia Rocks, Minerals, Fossils more » • Kimberlites, Lamproites, Diatremes « less

Groups appears in: • Earth Science Teaching Resource

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